We know that nitrous oxide has an anesthetic effect at room temperature and can be used as an anesthetic gas. In fact, at room temperature there is another gas also anaesthetic effect, that is, xenon. Xenon has medical as well as manufacturing applications, one of the chief of which is narcotics.

It was only in the last century that the anesthetic effects of xenon were discovered. Relevant information shows that:

In 1946, Laurence et al. made it clear that xenon has analgesic effects.

In 1950, Cullen and Gross first used xenon in surgery.

After years of clinical application, the anesthetic effect of xenon and some of its advantages have been proved. Xenon has no occupational and environmental hazards, has strong anesthetic efficacy, and has certain analgesic effect. It requires very few auxiliary drugs, especially fast induction of anesthesia, quick awakening, and not susceptible to biological transformation. It is a kind of anesthetic with the least known impact on cardiovascular diseases. Animal experiments showed little change in hemodynamics and a slight decrease in heart rate after xenon anesthesia. Xenon gas had no significant effect on heart rate, atrioventricular conduction velocity, coronary blood flow, myocardial oxygen consumption and oxygen uptake. That xenon is therefore an ideal anesthetic. Xenon can be used for anesthesia in a variety of operations, such as general surgery, gynecology, orthopedic surgery and orthopedic surgery.

In addition, xenon has many pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, making it suitable for use in certain clinical Settings, such as cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. These anesthetic and analgesic effects of xenon have important organ protection, especially for the brain and heart. The incidence of cerebral infarction and myocardial infarction was reduced after xenon anesthesia. Although xenon is expensive, xenon can interact with a variety of molecular targets to benefit patients with acute cardiovascular or neurological risks, or both. So how does xenon play an anesthetic role? Studies have shown that xenon plays an anesthetic role through "multiple pathways," which have not yet been fully determined, except that its anesthetic effect has been confirmed in clinical practice.

The "anesthetic pathways" of xenon are mainly as follows:

1) by inhibiting the central nervous system nmDA(aspartic acid) receptors and acetylcholine receptors.

2) it interacts with membrane proteins and membrane structures to inhibit Ca2+ pumps on the plasma membrane, resulting in increased Ca2+ and altered excitability.

Inhibition of the response of spinal dorsal horn neurons to injurious stimuli may be mediated by inhibition of nmDA receptors. The action receptors of several anesthetics

As xenon has excellent anesthetic effect, it is believed that it will be seen more and more in the future medical applications, especially in some difficult and expensive surgeries.